The oldest clusters of dark matter observed in the universe are not as expected!

It took about twenty years to prove the existence of neutrinos and about forty years for the existence of neutrinos Brut Englert Higgs Boson. How long will it take to prove the existence of molecules black matter Or on the contrary to prove their absence?

Remember that the neutrino has been assumed Wolfgang Pauli To preserve the law of conservation of energy in some cases of nuclear decay that seem to violate it. But for that it was necessary to admit that the energy that seemed to disappear into nothingness was carried by a particle without Mass, with no electric charge and so little interaction with low-energy materials that it can cross 300 Earths without stopping. We now know that there are actually three types of neutrinos and that they have masses, although they are very small.

Dark matter particles are completely ghostly, but the irony is that we need them to explain their existence galaxies The structures that group them together in clusters contain roughly a few hundred to a few thousand galaxies. under the influence of their field gravity That ordinary matter collapsed faster than it should break down on its own. We know for various reasons that these dark matter particles are unlike those we know on Earth which are remarkably produced in the collision of protons in LHCalthough they are meticulously tracked there.

However, although dark matter is one of the pillars Standard Cosmic Modelcannot exist, and the notes it reports can also be interpreted by modifying Equations celestial mechanics Newton. We are currently wondering whether the first detections of very primitive galaxies by the James Webb Telescope, because they were observed more than 13 billion years ago, are not accurate. Beginning to refute the theory of dark matter and confirm the theory of Mond.

A new surprise in this regard may be coming to an end the nose In an article published in physical review messages by an international team of researchers led by members of Nagoya University in Japan. deals with some of the results obtained with the Japanese Subaru telescope, in Hawaii, as part of the research campaign of Subaru Hyper Supreme – Camera Scan (HSC), in conjunction with other observations obtained by Planck satellite From’ESA In the form of his famous fossil radiological map, the oldest light From’Universe Observable, emitted about 380,000 after the great explosion In a few thousand years.

Dark matter distorting images of galaxies

Let’s also remember what Astrophysicist and cosmologist Lawrence Perrotto, a member of the Planck Collaboration, explained to Futura in the file that she allowed us to write where she showed us the nature of fossil radiation and the analyzes that she and her colleagues planned to perform in search of key clues to cosmology and the physical My view: ” Effect gravity lens It makes it possible to reconstruct the integral gravitational potential of the surface of the latter identification until today. It is an interesting probe of the structures of the universe. Thus, if we succeed in this reconstruction, Planck would become an independent experiment sensitive to the evolution of the entire universe, from the primordial universe at the time of the last propagation up to us. “.

The final scattering surface is the surface of an imaginary sphere that surrounds any observer in Universe It can be observed and shows him the areas from which Photons to fossil radiation when the visible universe became transparent Because its density became so low that photons at that time could travel since then without hitting the charged particles, scattering them over great distances.

Gravitational-induced lensing effect, in this case called weak shear or even gravitational, is the effect of deflecting light rays by a gravitational field causing the primary image of a galaxy to be distorted by a large interfering mass between this galaxy and an observer. We can infer from the deformation the mass of an object that it produces, such that measuring the effects of gravitational lensing makes it possible to investigate mass distributions in the visible universe, including masses of dark matter that are not radiant per se.

This effect was used to estimate the presence and changes in the distribution of dark matter until about 8 to 10 billion years ago. As Laurence Perotto also explained to us, the effects of weak gravitational lensing produced by galaxy clusters and galaxies in the foreground of the last scattered surface pollute the study of fossil radiation and we must somehow subtract from the signal of this noise to return to the primordial state of fossil radiation. This makes it possible in particular to track down the legendary b- status Primitive polarization of fossil radiation. Highlighting these patterns would convincingly prove the existence of a rotating inflation phase of space expansion during the Big Bang.

Clusters of dark matter formed since the Big Bang

But, as the cosmologist states in an excerpt from her file we provided, a measurement of the weak gravitational lensing effect can theoretically tell us about the presence of dark matter and its changing properties over time and space from the appearance of dark matter. The first galaxies to date using fossil radiation.

The Japanese-led team was able to make such observations with an accuracy of more than 8 billion years by measuring the effects of the detected galaxies using HSC on Planck measurements of background radiation. We’ve never gone further before because galaxies, whose images are distorted by gravity, were too faint to make valid measurements.

But researchers can now go back about 12 billion years to the observable universe.

Remarkably, although it has not yet been confirmed, the size characteristics of dark matter concentrations between 8 and 12 billion years ago do not appear to follow the predictions of Standard Cosmic Modelthe fluctuations in the density of dark matter during this period appear to be weaker than expected.

Yuichi HarikanHe is one of the authors of the discovery and a professor ofcosmic ray research institute From the University of Tokyo, feel free to explain: “ Our conclusion is still uncertain. But if true, it could indicate that the entire model is defective as you go back in time. It’s exciting because if the result persists after the uncertainties are reduced, it could indicate an improvement in the model that could provide the nature of dark matter itself. »

With this goal in mind, cosmologists still need to increase the sound and the accuracy of the available data, which they will soon be able to do with the operation of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, previously called oohsa.